Functional rubber composites based on silica-silane reinforcement for green tire application: the state of the art

Abstract Silica is the rubber industry’s most essential and cost-effective reinforcing filler after carbon black. The silica reinforcement mechanism with a non-polar elastomer complicated by presence of polar functional groups on surface. This nature causes filler-to-filler interaction forming hydrogen bonds. Therefore, sizeable non-dispersed clusters remain in matrix. To avoid these strong filler-filler interactions improve rubber/silica compatibility, surface needs to be modified. can done using coupling agent which has capable linking both silica. It been discovered that when silica/silane agents are present, critical properties like rolling resistance wet grip magic triangle tire tread balance out better than black formulations, bringing system closer green goal. In this review article, efforts made formulation development chemistry fully exploit potential for automotive tires retrospected. Highlights how compounding ingredients, process technology, functionalized elastomer, novel silanes, variant silicas enhance silica-silane reaction provided. addition, kinetics silanization measurements degree also highlighted. Future research directions area touched upon. Hopefully, stimulate future scientific technology developments academic industrial-oriented requirements.